Valve mechanism for fluid-motors.



No. 897,574. PATBNTED sEPT.1 190s.

A.BBGHT.

VALVE MEGHANISM PoR FLUID MoToRs.

APPLICATION FILED KAR. 31,1904.

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' A. BECHT.

acts.

ALBERT BECHT, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

VALVE MECHANISM FOR FLUID-MOTORS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 1, 1908.

yApplication filed March 31, 1904. Serial No. 201,007.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, ALBERT BEcIrr, a citizen of the French Republic,residing in Paris, France, have invented certain new and useful Imrovements in Valve Mechanisms for Fluidotors, of which the following isa specification. i

This invention relates to means for the distribution of gaseous fluidsin fluid motors of all kinds; and it is characterized by the employmentof an intermediate measuring chamber interposed ,between thefeed-conduit of the fluid under pressure, and the motor cylinder, orother chamber in which the motor fluid is intended to act. Thisintermediate chamber is disposed between two cut-0H cocks or the like ofany suitable kind, for example like those employed in thermic orhydraulic motors, such as plane, c lindrical or conical cocks, valves,piston s idevalves, ported rocking valves, etc, said cutofl;I devicesbeing so set as to avoid wire-drawing. This intermediate chamber servesfor the reception of a certain measured quantity of the motor Huid,which is only permitted to escape and act on the motor parts of theengine (as a piston, pallets, or like parts) at redetermined times.Means are provided or varying the capacity of the intermediate chamberat will within limits.

In order that the invention may be readily and clearly understood andreadily carried into effect by those skilled in the art to which itappertains, it will now be described in detail with reference to theaccompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments thereof. v

In these drawings-Figure 1 is a longitudinal, axial section of thecylinder of a steam engine provided with the invention; andFigs. 2 and 3are diagrams illustrating the manner in which the fluid-distributionFig. 4 is a diagrammatic sectional view showin the adaptation of theinvention to a rotary, uid-motor. F' s. 5 and 6, are, respectively,longitudinal an transverse sections of the intermediate measuringchamber and its controlling means, the chamber being a cylinder providedwith a plunger for varying its capacity. Fig. 7 is a transverse sectionsimilar to Fig. 5, bu't showing the piston adapted for control by agovernor..

Referring articularly to Fig. 1, which shows an or inary reciprocatingsteam ene, a is the c linder and e the iston pla mg therein. yThe cyinder has Bruid suppl inlets o one at each end.

. steam is admitted during t At each inlet is a measuring chamber b, theentrance of the fluid to which is controlled by a cock c; the flow ofthe fluid from the chamber b to the engine cylinder d is controlled by acock d. These cocks, or valves, may be of the Corliss type and may beactuated and controlled by gear wheels or levers; one condition beingthat the inlet cock c shall be closed before the outlet cock'd opens.The cocks as shown in Fig. 1 are rotary, and the gear-wheels g and hwhich drive them are geared together through an intermediate wheel k.When the piston reaches the end of its stroke, the cock d at that endopens and the steam from the chamber b controlled by that cock, lowsinto the cylinder behind the piston. As the steam enters the cylinderand displaces the piston in the latter, it expands, producing a diagramsuch as that seen in Fig. 2, wherein the curved dotted line shows theexpansion curve of the steam that, in the ordinary engine is containedin the clearance space at the end of the cylinder. The exhaust takesplace in the usual way and is controlled by the usual valves E.

By suitably modifying the relative positions of the cocks or valves cand d, it is possible to retard the closin f of the cock c and soarrange that it shal remain open, or partly open, while the cock d isalso o en, and this during a portion of the travel o the piston e. Inthis manner the diagram seen in Fig. 3 is obtained, wherein the curveddotted line indicates the expansion curve obtained with the ordinary sstem when the lie same portion of the stroke. c

As will be readily understood the described devices for distributing themotor fluid has special advantages where superheated steam is employed,and they permit of attaining in one and the same cylinder a sufficientlycomplete expansion of the steam, thereby obviating the employment ofdouble and triple expansion heretofore required in order to obtainefficient utilization of the' motor fluid.

In Fig. 4 is shown the application of the invention to a rotary motor.At the upper part of the cylindera1 of the motor is situated theintermediate measurin entry of the Huid is contro ed by the rotary cockor valve c, and theflow of the fluid from the chamber b to the annularchamber f of the cylinder, is controlled by the rotary cock chamber b;the

land hand-wheel r.

or valve d. In the annular chamber or space f moves a pallet or pistonel, carried by a rotating disk in a known way. The cocks c and d arerotated by means of the gear-wheels g,

and h, represented diagrammatically in this figure. The cocks c and dare so set that the Fig. 4 is shown the rotary` abutment i provided witha recess j for the pallet. This abutment is driven through thegear-wheels h and h1.

In order to obviate the necessity for angular displacement in the keyingof the parts controlling the cocks c and d, for regulating the speed andpower of the engines, means may be employed for varying the capacity ofthe chamber b, such means being actuated either by hand, orautomatically under the control of' a governor. Figs. 5, 6 and 7illustrate a mechanism of this character. In these figures p is aplunger adapted to play in a cylinder n which branches laterally fromthe chamber b, said plunger having a stem g Alined with the cylinder n,and separated from the chamber b by a partition s, is a cylinder o, inwhich plays a compensating piston u, on a prolongation of the stem gthat extends through the partition s. In this partition s is a smallhole or port t, and the spaces in the cylinders n and o back of therespective pistons therein, are

connected by the respective pipes x and y, with the fluid inlet i; backof thecocks c. This last named device serves to equalize the pressure onthe plunger and in-order to vary the capacity of the cih mber b it isonly necessary to move the plunger more or less into 'or out from saidchamber. The small hole t permits of the fluid. flowing through theartition as occasion requires and to always eave a cushion in the spacebetween said partition and the piston u. The construction shown in Fig.7 'is precisely the same as that in Fig. 5, except that in lieu of thehand-wheel r, means are employed for actuating the plunger through themedium of a governor. In this figure the means shown comprise anelbow-lever w, one

' arm of which is coupled to the stem q and the other to an operatingrod w1, adapted to extend up 'to a governor (not shown).

When-it is not necessary to attain a uniform speed,-as for example indriving Winches, cranes, boats, etc.,-and it is not necessary to employthe shifting lunger,

' the intermediate chamber being'su cientlyspacious, there may be fittedin the upper part of the chamber b (see Figs. 5, 6 and 7) eef/,574

removable filling plates z, apertured to permit the passage of thefluid. There may be any number of these plates and they serve4 to fillup the chamber in part andto thus more or less reduce its capacity, thereduction depending, of course, on the number of plates inserted. Thesefilling plates have the advantage'of permitting the utilization, for oneand the same motor, of different steam generators operating at verydifferent pressures between six and fifteen kilograms. The plunger pand. the filling plates e' may,

of course, be used at the same time, as the i plunger, as shown in Figs.5, 6 and 7.

Having thus described my invention7 I claim- 1. A motor to be operatedby a gaseous fluid under pressure, having a measuring chamber throughwhich the fluid must pass on its way to the motor, a cock between saidchamber and the motor, a cock between said chamber and the source ofsupply of the fluid, means for differently operating these cocks, so asto avoid wire-drawing the fluid, and means for varying the capacity ofthe said chamber.

2. A motor to be operated by a gaseous fluid under pressure, having ameasuring chamber through which the fluid must pass on its way to themotor, a cock between said chamber and the motor, a cock between saidchamber and the source of supply of the fluid, means for differentlyoperating these cocks, and means for varying the capacity of the saidchamber, said means comprising a movable plunger, adapted to move intoand out of said chamber, and 'means for equalizing the pressure on saidplunger.

f 3. A motor to be ,operated by a gaseous fluid under pressure, having ameasuring chamber through whichthe fluid must pass on its way to themotor, a cock between said chamber and the motor, a cock between saidchamber and the source of supply of the fluid, means for operatingthese'cocks, and means for varying the capacity of the said chamber,said Ameans, comprising a cylinderfn, branching fromsaid chamber, aplunger p in said cylinder, a stem on said plun er for operating it, acylinder o alined with t e cylinder fn, a partition between saidcylinder and said chamber having in it an aperture t, A

my name in the presence of two subscri ing -witnesses ALBERT BEcHT."

Vlitnesses: y

JULES ARMENGAUD, Jeune, HANsoN C. CoxE.

